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N, N-Dimethyl formamide
N, N-Dimethylformamide, commonly known as DMF, is a transparent and colorless liquid. It serves as a polar inert solvent. GC solvents, also referred to as “Bluster”, are specifically manufactured to meet the strict requirements of gas chromatography. N, N-Dimethylformamide GC grade is produced with utmost purity and minimal UV-absorptivity, making it highly suitable for applications in GC (Gas chromatography) and GC-HS (Gas chromatography Headspace). GC or GC-HS, widely utilized in the field of analytical chemistry, is a powerful technique employed for the separation, identification, and quantification of diverse chemical compounds. This blog post aims to provide insights into the production methods, characteristics, applications, and advantages of utilizing N, N-Dimethylformamide GC grade.
What is N, N-Dimethylformamide? N, N-Dimethylformamide, also known as Dimethylformamide or DMFA, is an organic compound represented by the chemical formula (CH3)2NC(O)H. It is a colorless liquid with a slightly thick consistency and a faint specific odor resembling fish. However, when in its pure form, it is practically odorless. The compound has a molecular weight of 73.09 g/mol. N, N-Dimethylformamide can be mixed with water and most organic solvents, except for halogenated hydrocarbons. It exhibits a relatively high boiling point of approximately 153°C. At a temperature of 20°C, the density of DMF is approximately 0.944 g/cm^3
Production methods of N, N-Dimethylformamide: N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) was first prepared in 1893 by the French chemist Albert Verley (8 January 1867 – 27 November 1959), by distilling a mixture of dimethylamine hydrochloride and potassium formate. Here are some production methods of it as follows:
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- Formic Acid Method
Formic acid and methanol esterification produce methyl formate, while dimethylamine gas should be generated instead of it to form dimethylformamide. Subsequently, N, N-dimethylformamide is obtained by pressurizing and rectifying methanol, and the recovery of methyl formate is achieved through distillation.
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- One Step Method
The crude products can be rectified to obtain N, N-dimethylformamide through the direct reaction of dimethylamine and carbon monoxide in sodium methanol under reaction conditions of 1.5~2.5 MPa and 110~150℃.
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- High-Pressure Method
Carbon dioxide and methanol are subjected to high pressure and temperatures ranging from 80 to 100℃ to produce methyl formate through carbonyl synthesis. Subsequently, N, N-dimethylformamide is obtained through a reaction with dimethylamine dimethyl formamide followed by distillation.
Applications or uses of N, N- Dimethylformamide:
N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) is a versatile organic solvent with a range of applications across various industries. Here are some applications or uses of N, N-Dimethylformamide as follows:
As a Solvent: DMF serves as a key solvent in a wide range of chemical reactions and procedures due to its strong solvency and unique capability to dissolve polar and nonpolar substances. Its crucial role in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, polymers, pesticides, dyes, and other organic compounds makes it an essential ingredient. N, N-dimethylformamide plays a vital role as both an outstanding organic solvent and a significant chemical building block.
Pharmaceutical Industry: DMF is widely utilized as both a solvent and reaction medium in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. It plays a crucial role in drug synthesis, purification, and formulation. N, N-dimethylformamide is essential in medicine for synthesizing sulfadiazine, cortisone, vitamin B6, and other pharmaceutical compounds.
Polymer Production: DMF is commonly used in the manufacturing of polymers like polyurethane, acrylic fibers, and polyacrylonitrile. It functions as a reaction medium and assists in dissolving polymer precursors and intermediates. It is extensively employed as a solvent for polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, and polyvinyl chloride.
Organic Synthesis: DMF is widely used as a flexible reagent in organic synthesis, specifically in reactions such as peptide coupling and amidation. It aids in the creation of peptide bonds during peptide and protein synthesis.
Laboratory Applications: N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) is frequently utilized in laboratory settings as a solvent to dissolve a wide range of chemicals, especially those with low solubility in alternative solvents.
Benefits of N, N- Dimethylformamide:
- Purity: Commercially accessible DMF is generally of elevated purity, guaranteeing reliable performance and reproducibility in different procedures.
- High Solvency Power: DMF’s capacity to dissolve a broad spectrum of organic and inorganic substances renders it a valuable solvent in numerous industrial applications.
- Versatility: DMF’s ability to dissolve both polar and nonpolar substances makes it well-suited for a wide range of applications in various industries.
- Efficient Reactant: DMF in organic synthesis can serve dual roles as a solvent and a reactant, aiding in chemical reactions and enhancing overall yields.
- Boiling Point: The relatively elevated boiling point facilitates simple elimination through distillation following a reaction or purification procedure.
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